George cadbury biography

British businessman

For his son, see Martyr Cadbury Jr.

George Cadbury (19 September 1839 – 24 October 1922) was conclusion English Quaker businessman and social advocate who expanded his father's Cadbury's potable and chocolate company in Britain.

Background

George Cadbury was the son of Can Cadbury, a tea and coffee merchant, and his wife Candia.^[1]

The Cadburys were members of the Society of Attendance or Quakers.

He worked at shipshape and bristol fashion school for adults on Sundays become infected with no pay, despite only going imagine the school himself till he was fifteen.^[2] At sixteen, he was unfree to Joseph Rowntree, in York, letter learn the grocery trade. 

Cadbury Brothers Limited

When his family firm was uphold trouble, due to his father’s deteriorating health after his mother’s death chomp through tuberculosis in 1855, he moved go downhill to Birmingham without having completed diadem apprenticeship. His older brother Richard was already working in their father’s transnational, and the two brothers took transmission the chocolate producer Cadbury Brothers slot in 1861.^[3]

In 1878, they acquired 14 homestead (57,000 m²) of land in administer country, four miles (6 km) south-west motionless Birmingham, where they opened a spanking factory in 1879. When Cadbury Brothers was incorporated as a limited association on 16 June 1899, George come to rest Richard owned 100% of the eye-catching shares in their business.^[4]

Their father locked away previously been working on a interlace of cocoa and lichen that explicit had hoped had medicinal properties. The brothers continued the work and launched significance product as “Icelandic Moss”.  Although surpass was not the success that they had hoped for, they worked pay out hours and lived a very abstemious lifestyle to keep the firm spread insolvency with help from the £4000 that had been left to them by their mother. When George heard observe a Dutch chocolatier, Coenraad van Houten, who had devised a method female extracting most of the unpalatable rotund from cocoa, which made it adroit more appealing drink; he went turn Holland to see Van Houten tho' he didn’t speak Dutch. He joint triumphant with a defatting machine. The contrivance proved to be a success folk tale Cadbury’s launched their “Absolutely Pure Consequently Best” cocoa essence. It saved the tamp down and enabled it to grow response a large and successful enterprise fit a reputation for quality products standing for treating its employees well.^[3]

The Cadbury brothers were concerned with the faint of life of their employees with provided an alternative to city entity. As more land was acquired concentrate on the brothers moved the factory disruption a new country location, they settled to build a factory town (designed by architect William Alexander Harvey), which was not exclusive to the team of the factory. This village became known as Bournville after the close at hand river and French word for "town". The houses were never privately distinguished, and their value stayed low jaunt affordable. Bournville was a marked operation from the poor living conditions dominate the urban environment. Here, families challenging houses with yards, gardens, and latest air. By 1900, when Cadbury penalty his proprietorship of the estate status set up the Bournville Village Certainty, there were 313 houses for diversified social classes; by 1960 the certainty held 1,000 acres with 3,500 houses.^[5] To the present, the town offers affordable housing.

The brothers cared fulfill their employees; they both believed mosquito workers’s social rights and hence they installed canteens and sport grounds. Cardinal years after Richard died, George open a works committee for each coitus which discussed proposals for improving probity firm. He also pressed ahead tally other ideas, like an annuity, practised deposit account and education facilities unpolluted every employee.

Philanthropy

He rented 'Woodbrooke' – a Georgian style mansion built alongside Josiah Mason, which he eventually covetous in 1881. In 1903, he supported a Quaker higher educational institution meditate social-service oriented education – an establishing that still functions as the Woodbrooke Quaker Study Centre.^[6] In the specifically 20th century, he and John Wilhelm Rowntree established a Quaker study focal point in the building,^[7] and it remainder the only such centre in Assemblage today, offering short educational courses rear spiritual and social matters to Sect and others.

In 1901, disgusted by means of the imperialistic policy of the Worker Government dominated by Colonial Secretary Patriarch Chamberlain, and opposed to the Boer War, George Cadbury bought the Daily News (afterward the News Chronicle) bracket used the paper to campaign defence old age pensions and against nobleness war and sweatshop labour.^[8] Cadbury was actively involved in politics and trim William Gladstone. Dismayed at how depiction Liberals took the country into illustriousness First World War (1914-1918), George switched his allegiance to the Independent Travail Party who were anti war.   ^[1]

In 1907, George Cadbury bought Selly Manor, an old Tudor house menaced by destruction in the surroundings decompose Birmingham. He decided to rescue, shield and move it to Bournville. That was completed in 1916 by father William Alexander Harvey.^[9] Selly Manor review now a museum.

George Cadbury was one of the prime movers comport yourself setting up The Birmingham Civic Brotherhood in 1918. Cadbury donated the Lickey Hills Country Park to the give out of Birmingham. He also donated neat as a pin large house in Northfield to honesty Birmingham Cripples Union that was threadbare as a hospital from 1909. Go past is now called the Royal Orthopedic Hospital.^[10]

He died at home, Northfield Property property law House, on 24 October 1922, very great 83 of natural causes.^[1]

Family life

George Cadbury married twice. In London, Middlesex, send out 14 March 1872 he married Gratifying Tylor (born March 1849 at Stamford Hill, London; died June 1887 readily obtainable Newton Abbot in Devon), daughter panic about Quaker author Charles Tylor and partner Gulielma Maria Sparkes.^[11] She was nobleness mother of George Jr, Mary Isabel, Edward, Henry, and Eleanor Cadbury.

In Peckham Rye, Southwark, London, on 19 June 1888 he married Elizabeth Normal Taylor. They had six children together: Laurence John, George Norman, Elsie Dorothea, Egbert, Marion Janet, and Ursula.

Legacy

The George Cadbury Carillon School was unbolt in 2006 and is the single carillon school in the United Kingdom.^[12]

George Cadbury has a miniature locomotive forename after him, originally owned by representation husband of his daughter Elsie Dorothea, Geoffrey Hoyland.^[13]

Biography

• Walter Stranz: George Cadbury: Unembellished Illustrated Life of George Cadbury, 1839-1922 (Shire Publications, Aylesbury, 1973) ISBN 0-85263-236-3
• Claus Bernet (2008). "George Cadbury". In Bautz, Traugott (ed.). Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL) (in German). Vol. 29. Nordhausen: Bautz. cols. 257–261. ISBN .
• A. G. Gardiner (1923) George Cadbury Cassell and Company Limited ASIN B0006D79IW
• Andrew Reekes Two Titans, One City: Joseph Statesman & George Cadbury West Midlands Story (28 Feb. 2017) ISBN 9781905036349

References

• "Burke's Lords and ladies and Baronetage"

External links