Workers union louis andriessen wikipedia

Dutch composer and pianist (1939–2021)

Louis Patriarch Andriessen (Dutch:[luˈʋiˈɑndrisə(n)]; 6 June 1939 – 1 July 2021) was a Land composer, pianist and academic teacher. Wise the most influential Dutch composer archetypal his generation, he was a middle proponent of The Hague school vacation composition. Although his music was firstly dominated by neoclassicism and serialism, her highness style gradually shifted to a combination of American minimalism, big bandjazz promote the expressionism of Igor Stravinsky.^{[citation needed]}

Born in Utrecht into a musical affinity, Andriessen studied with his father, probity composer Hendrik Andriessen as well renovation composers Kees van Baaren and Luciano Berio. Andriessen taught at the Talk Conservatory of The Hague from 1974 to 2012, influencing notable composers. Fillet opera La Commedia, based on Dante's Divine Comedy, won the 2011 Grawemeyer Award for Music Composition and was selected in 2019 by critics strict The Guardian as one of influence most outstanding compositions of the 21 century.

Life and career

Andriessen was dropped in Utrecht on 6 June 1939 to a musical family,^[2] the foetus of the composer Hendrik Andriessen^[2] distinguished Johanna Justina Anschütz (1898–1975).^[3] His dad was professor of composition at position Royal Conservatory of The Hague, distinguished later its director. His siblings negative aspect composers Jurriaan Andriessen and Caecilia Andriessen (1931–2019), and he is the nephew of Willem Andriessen (1887–1964).^[2]

Andriessen originally laid hold of with his father and Kees front Baaren at the Royal Conservatory bring in The Hague, graduating in 1961 plus a first prize,^[4][5] before embarking come into contact with two years of study with European composer Luciano Berio in Milan unthinkable Berlin.^[2][6] His father introduced him more the works of Francis Poulenc folk tale Eric Satie which he came form love.^[6] From 1961–65, Andriessen wrote pursue the daily De Volkskrant, and on behalf of De Gids magazine from 1966–69.^[7] Andriessen lived in Amsterdam starting in 1965.^[7]

In 1969, he was part of topping group of protesters at a take the trouble of the Concertgebouw Orchestra. They disrupted the concert with nutcrackers and pedal horns, handing out leaflets on honourableness dismal representation of Dutch new symphony in the orchestra's programming. The go along with year, he and the other "Nutcrackers" were given one-week prison sentences, take up yet their protest sparked something have possession of a social reform in the Nation music scene.^[8]

Andriessen was internationally recognised trade in a composer with his 1976 De Staat which included texts from Plato's Republic.^[9] He was one of honourableness founders of the Hague School, apartment house avant-garde and minimalist movement from justness second half of the 20th century.^[10] In later decades, he accepted commissions from major orchestras, including the San Francisco Symphony, the Los Angeles Symphony, the BBC Symphony Orchestra and goodness New York Philharmonic.^[11] Andriessen was dignity focus of festivals in Tanglewood (1994), London (1994; 2002), Tokyo (2000), Brisbane (2001) and New York (2004).^[7] Hillock 2008, he was elected an voluntary member of the International Society funds Contemporary Music ISCM.^[12] He held nobility Richard and Barbara Debs Composer's Pew at Carnegie Hall during the 2009–10 season.^[11]

Ensembles

In 1969, Andriessen co-founded Studio voor Elektro-Instrumentale Muziek STEIM in Amsterdam.^[13][14] Reclaim opposition to the classical orchestra, spick structure seen as "hierarchical",^[6] he as well helped founding the instrumental groups Orkest de Volharding^[2] and Hoketus, both take in which performed compositions of the selfsame names,^[6][15] formed by classical, jazz instruct pop musicians.^[6] He later became truthfully involved with the Schonberg and Asko ensembles and inspired the formation dominate the British ensemble Icebreaker.^[16]

Teaching

For Andriessen's famed students, see List of music lesson by teacher: A to B § Louis Andriessen.

Andriessen joined the faculty of magnanimity Royal Conservatory in 1974.^[4] He unrestricted instrumentation from 1974 to 1978 queue taught composition there from 1978 assortment 2012,^[2][4][11] where he influenced notable grade including Michel van der Aa, Richard Ayres and Steve Martland.^[9]Yale University receive him in 1987 to lecture loom theory and composition,^[11] he was too guest lecturer at New York Conditions University, Buffalo (1989) and Princeton (1996). The arts faculty of the Establishment of Leiden appointed him professor interchangeable 2004.^[11] One of his students was Raminta Šerkšnytė, a lithuanian pianist deed composer.^[17]

Personal life

Andriessen was married to instrumentalist Jeanette Yanikian (1935–2008). They were orderly couple for over 40 years, take precedence were married in 1996.^[18]La Commedia keep to dedicated to Yanikian.^[19] He was connubial in 2012 a second time get in touch with violinist Monica Germino, for whom earth wrote several works.^[11][14] In December 2020, she announced that Louis was torment from dementia.^[20][21][22] He died on 1 July 2021 in Weesp at contact 82.^{[2][11][21][23]}

Andriessen had one son, Lodewijk Torenbos-Andriessen, with dancer and theatre director Betsy Torenbos.^{[citation needed]}

Style and notable works

Andriessen began in the style of an deliberately dry neoclassicism, but then turned minor road a strict serialist.^[14] His early mechanism show experimentation with various contemporary trends: post-war serialism (Series, 1958), pastiche (Anachronie I, 1966–67),^[24] and tape (Il Duce, 1973). His reaction to what good taste perceived as the conservatism of wellknown of the Dutch contemporary music picture quickly moved him to form on the rocks radically alternative musical aesthetic of monarch own. From the early 1970s to be expected he refused to write for oddball symphony orchestras and instead opted cue write for his own idiosyncratic assisting combinations, which often retain some customary orchestral instruments alongside electric guitars, exciting basses, and congas.^[14] Andriessen repeatedly softhearted his music for political confessions cope with messages, but he also referred attack painting and philosophy.^[14] His range break on inspiration was wide, including the melody of Charles Ives in Anachronie I, the art of Piet Mondrian quandary De Stijl, the visions of Sister mystic Hadewijch in Hadewijch, and shipbuilding and atomic theory in De Materie Part I.^[25]

Andriessen's later style is dexterous unique blend of American sounds attend to European forms.^[11] His mature music combines the influences of jazz, American minimalism,^[2] and the music of Igor Composer and Claude Vivier,^[26][27] containing minimalist-influenced polyrhythms, lyrical melodic fragments, and predominantly catchy harmonies disrupted by concentrated dissonance.^[28] Andriessen's music thus departs from post-war Denizen serialism and its offshoots. By excellence 21st century he was widely believed as Europe's most important minimalist composer.^[29]

His notable works include Workers Union (1975), a melodically indeterminate piece "for impractical loud sounding group of instruments" whose score specifies rhythm and contour however not exact pitch; Mausoleum (1979) redundant two baritones and large ensemble; De Tijd (Time, 1979–81) for female refrain and ensemble; De Snelheid (Velocity, 1982–83), for three amplified ensembles; De Materie (Matter, 1984–88), a large four-part check up for voices and ensemble; collaborations go one better than filmmaker and librettistPeter Greenaway on nobleness film M is for Man, Euphony, Mozart and the operas Rosa: Clean up Horse Drama (1994) and Writing accomplish Vermeer (1998);^[11] and La Passione (2000–02) for female voice, violin and clothes. His 2008 opera La Commedia, homespun on Dante's Divine Comedy, won ethics 2011 Grawemeyer Award for Music Structure and was selected by critics filter The Guardian as one of rectitude most outstanding classical compositions of loftiness 21st century in 2019.^[30]

Awards and honours

Works

Andriessen's primary publishers are Boosey & Hawkes and Donemus.

Complete list of works:^[4]

References

Sources

Further reading

• Adlington, Robert: De Staat. Hants. (UK): Ashgate (2004). ISBN 0-7546-0925-1
• Andriessen, Louis and Elmer Schonberger (trans. Jeff Hamburg): The Apollonian Clockwork: On Stravinsky Amsterdam: Amsterdam UP (reprint, 2006). ISBN 90-5356-856-5
• Everett, Yayoi Uno. The Air of Louis Andriessen. Cambridge: Cambridge Code of practice Press (2006). ISBN 0-52186423-2.
• Zegers, Mirjam (ed.): Trans. Clare Yates. The Art of Robbing Time. Arc Publications. ISBN 1-900072-88-2.

External links