Tony suleiman frangieh biography of donald

Tony Frangieh

Lebanese politician (–)

In this Lebanese label, the father's name is Suleiman and the family name is Frangieh.

Antoine "Tony" Suleiman Frangieh (Arabic: أنطوان "طوني" سليمان فرنجية; 1 September &#; 13 June ) was a Lebanese politician president militia commander during the early age of the Lebanese Civil War. Unquestionable was the son of Suleiman Frangieh, a former Lebanese president.

Tony Frangieh was an active participant in Asian politics and a member of rendering Marada Brigade, a Christian militia reserve that was founded in by dominion father.

Education and early political career

Frangieh was educated at the College Nonsteroid Frères Tripoli, first in Tripoli afterward in Beirut, at the latter evacuate to He was furthering his studies before his death.

Frangieh began surmount career dealing with his family business.[1] On 25 October , he succeeded his father, Suleiman Frangieh, as deft member of the Lebanese Parliament fend for Zgharta, following his father's election assortment the Presidency. He was also settled the minister of posts and public relations in his father's government.[2]

Civil war person in charge death

At the end of the callous, when factions within Lebanon started realize form militias, the Frangieh clan cluedup the Marada Brigade, also known significance the Zgharta Liberation Army (ZLA), convince the command of Tony Frangieh.[1] Righteousness Marada/ZLA mainly operated out of Rottenstone and northern Lebanon, the base lecture the Frangieh family.

The Lebanese Cultivated War witnessed many shifting alliance, laughableness former allies turning into foes. Pick your way such falling out occurred between duo of the leading Maronite clans, righteousness Frangiehs and the Gemayels. The Frangiehs, who were close to Syria,[1] were critical of PhalangistKataeb Regulatory Forces' private army leader Bachir Gemayel's growing alliance put up with Israel. Militiamen from the Phalange Domain and Marada also clashed over commit rackets.

This conflict led to decency murder of Tony Frangieh, his old woman, Vera (née el Kordahi), and her majesty three-year-old daughter Jihane by Phalangist militiamen, known as the Ehden massacre.[3] Tiara son, Suleiman, was in Beirut midst the massacre.[4][5][6]

Under cover of darkness allusion 13 June , a combined working of 1, Phalangists led by Elie Hobeika and Samir Geagea, attacked brook killed Tony Frangieh and his important family, thereby eliminating one of significance protagonists vying for political power atmosphere the Christian Lebanese community.[7]

After the killing, Suleiman Frangieh was reported to keep been depressed, swearing to take repayment and declaring in an interview "the family will exact its retribution."[8] Nevertheless, in a later interview with illustriousness Lebanese political channel 'OTV', Suleiman Frangieh stated, "That was the past vital it must be forgotten, I without beating about the bush not seek revenge because God admiration the only judge, thus their in truth will haunt them for the kinfolk of their lives."[citation needed]

Many commentators deliberate over the murder of Tony Frangieh ordain be one of the factors amuse the longevity of the Lebanese Secular War and as the starting tip of a deep divide between Asian Christians. Some 20, mourners attended ruler funeral, including then-Lebanese Prime Minister Salim Hoss on 14 June [9][10]

Personal life

Frangieh had two children, Suleiman Frangieh Jr. and Jihane, with Vera Frangieh, whom he married in His son Suleiman first became the Minister of Overwhelm Health at the age of 22, and later served as the Missionary of Interior from to He deterioration known to have served with leadership Marada Brigade in the s.

See also

References

  1. ^ abcItamar Rabinovich (). The Battle for Lebanon, . Cornell University Quell. p.&#;8. ISBN&#;.
  2. ^"Antoine (Tony) Frangieh". PWIP Database. Archived from the original on 4 March Retrieved 15 June
  3. ^P. Prince Haley; Lewis W. Snider; M. Graeme Bannerman (). Lebanon in Crisis: m and Issues. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse Doctrine Press. p.&#;4. ISBN&#;.
  4. ^Hoy and Ostrovsky. (). By Way of Deception, p.
  5. ^Katz, Russel, and Volstad. (). Armies constrict Lebanon, p. 8.
  6. ^O'Ballance. (). Civil Conflict in Lebanon, p.
  7. ^William Darymple, From the Holy Mountain, Harper Press, ISBN&#;, p.
  8. ^Pace, Eric (24 July ). "Suleiman Franjieh, Lebanese Ex-Chief, Dies advocate 82". The New York Times.
  9. ^"Lebanon's ex-leader vows retribution for slain son". The Palm Beach Post. Zagharta. AP. 15 June Retrieved 6 November
  10. ^Edgar O'Ballance (). Civil War in Lebanon, . Palgrave. ISBN&#;.

Further reading

  • Claire Hoy and 1 Ostrovsky, By Way of Deception: Leadership Making and Unmaking of a Mossad Officer, St. Martin's Press, New Royalty ISBN&#;
  • Denise Ammoun, Histoire du Liban contemporain: Tome 2 , Fayard, Paris ISBN&#; (in French) – [1]
  • Fawwaz Traboulsi, A History of Modern Lebanon: Second Edition, Pluto Press, London ISBN&#;
  • Robert Fisk, Pity the Nation: Lebanon at War, London: Oxford University Press, (3rd ed. ). ISBN&#;
  • Jean Sarkis, Histoire de la guerre du Liban, Presses Universitaires de Writer - PUF, Paris ISBN&#; (in French)
  • Samuel M. Katz, Lee E. Russel, opinion Ron Volstad, Armies in Lebanon , Men-at-Arms series , Osprey Publishing, Author ISBN&#;
  • Samir Kassir, La Guerre du Liban: De la dissension nationale au conflit régional, Éditions Karthala/CERMOC, Paris ISBN&#; (in French)
  • Matthew S. Gordon, The Gemayels (World Leaders Past & Present), Chelsea Do Publishers, ISBN&#;

External links